解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Carotid endarterectomy is an established surgical procedure to prevent stroke. The indications, preoperative evaluation, surgical timing, technical details, complications, and special circumstances for the use of this operation are reviewed. Future developments in the surgical reconstruction of the extracranial caroti...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040902
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent development in the evaluation of peripheral neuropathy patients has been the identification of autoantibodies directed against various peripheral nerve antigens. For some conditions, assay for the antibodies can be very helpful in confirming a diagnosis. In others, an antibody may be associated with clinical ...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040864
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Syndromes characterized by persistent fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, sleep disturbance, and subjective cognitive impairment have been common problems in clinical practice for decades. The chronic fatigue syndrome case definition was created to standardize the patient population in research studies and to foster a syst...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040876
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The demonstration that several agents with presumed differing mechanisms of action each provide partial effectiveness in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) has significantly changed the approach to MS clinical trial research. A number of recently published trials have provided support to thes...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040887
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::I argue that there is no mind-brain problem but rather that there are irreducible subjective-objective problems. These include the difference between "inside" and "outside" perspectives on neural states, the creation of subjective neural states with objectified outside objects, and awareness of the self as an object i...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040917
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychoanalysis emerged out of Freud's neuropsychologic studies of consciousness and cognition. This article describes the historical development of neuropsychodynamic theories of consciousness and personality, and traces their application to several neuropsychiatric syndromes of intense contemporary clinical interest....
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040927
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although there are several animal models of Lyme disease, only the rhesus monkey model exhibits all of the key manifestations of the disease. After infection with Borrelia burgdorferi, rhesus monkeys develop signs of early localized, early disseminated, and chronic Lyme disease. Specific features include erythema migr...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040913
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Establishing an open and honest physician-patient relationship is essential for the proper evaluation and management of headache disorders. Obtaining a complete headache and medical history is the most important part of the initial diagnostic evaluation. This history should include information about headache onset, pa...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040943
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the increasing acceptance of the right of patients to refuse life-sustaining treatment, some have argued that terminally ill patients have a corollary right to physician-assisted suicide (PAS) on request. However, there are important moral and legal distinctions between patients' refusals of therapy and requests ...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040939
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastrointestinal motor dysfunctions result when extrinsic autonomic nerves are diseased and are unable to modulate the motor functions of the digestive tract, which depend on the enteric nervous system and the automaticity of the smooth muscles. Gut motor dysfunction may result from disorders at all anatomic levels of...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1040977
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lightning and electrical injuries have widespread manifestations involving almost all organ systems of the body, including the central nervous system (CNS) and the eye. This article considers the neuro-ophthalmologic effects of lightning and electrical injury. ...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041041
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The PPS is now a well-recognized entity encompassing the late manifestations that occur because of previous poliomyelitis. Common signs and symptoms include fatigue, cold intolerance, joint deteriorations with pain, and prominent neurologic problems that include new weakness, muscle pain, atrophy, respiratory insuffic...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041136
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deficiencies in reading and writing appear to be major and lasting handicaps for learning-disabled college students. However, gains have been made in program modifications for learning-disabled students in many higher education institutions. Many adults with learning disabilities find that their handicap makes it diff...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041207
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Delusions may be the most prominent manifestations of brain dysfunction, and a host of medical and neurologic conditions can present with or produce delusions. Recognition of the underlying disorder frequently aids in successful treatment. Comparison of organic delusional syndromes with schizophrenia suggests that lim...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041273
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reported PET findings in subcortical and corticobasal degenerations, and in dystonia, are summarized in Table 3. It can be seen that, although PET is not a diagnostic technique, clinical examination combined with PET findings can help to distinguish between the various akinetic-rigid syndromes, with the proviso that p...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041345
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::CPP reflects perfusion problems related to increased ICP or inadequate MAP. CPP is a most helpful and practical management tool. The relationship of CBF and CPP depends on cerebral vascular resistance (flow equals pressure divided by resistance). At present, we do not have a practical method to measure vascular resist...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041328
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurothermography is a new, clinically useful method of detecting autonomic sympathetic peripheral nerve dysfunction. Body symmetry of the skin temperature as maintained by symmetrically functional peripheral nerves is the key to detecting a normal state. Persistent 1 degree C temperature asymmetry in the pattern of a...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041432
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Besides sleep apnea, the main disorders of excessive daytime sleepiness include narcolepsy and hypersomnia. Narcolepsy is characterized by periods of irresistible sleepiness and sleep attacks of brief duration and, most often, by one or more of the auxiliary symptoms: cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnogogic halluci...
journal_title:Seminars in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041425
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00